India and Belgium have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to deepen cooperation in renewable energy, clean technology and sustainable development, with a focus on accelerating decarbonisation and strengthening clean-energy supply chains.
The agreement was concluded during Belgian Prime Minister Bart De Wever’s three-day visit to New Delhi. It builds on more than a decade of bilateral climate dialogue and expands cooperation into key areas including green hydrogen, offshore wind, advanced energy storage, bioenergy, pumped hydro systems and critical mineral recycling.
A major focus of the agreement is the green hydrogen value chain, covering production, transportation, storage and industrial applications. Both countries highlighted existing partnerships involving Indian entities, the Belgian Hydrogen Council and Flanders Investment & Trade as a foundation for scaling up technology transfer, investment and reciprocal trade.
Speaking at a joint press briefing, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said reliable supply chains and the clean-energy transition are shared strategic priorities. He noted that cooperation between the two countries has expanded beyond traditional sectors to include strategic areas such as defence and clean energy.
Modi also highlighted ongoing joint projects, including collaboration on advanced defence equipment such as the Zorawar tank and the development of a major green ammonia project in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh. He said the growing partnership reflects the broader expansion of India-Belgium relations into emerging strategic industries.
The agreement also covers wider environmental priorities, with both countries reaffirming their commitment to the Paris Agreement and its long-term temperature goals. They pledged stronger cooperation on climate adaptation, disaster preparedness, ocean governance and conservation, including efforts under the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement.
Experts say deeper clean-energy cooperation could help India address the twin challenges of climate change and energy security. Sankalp Gurjar, an assistant professor of geopolitics at Pune’s Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, said India’s growing energy needs require greater access to clean energy, technology and international partnerships.
The partnership is expected to create opportunities for greater investment, technology transfer and joint ventures while supporting India’s long-term net-zero ambitions. It also gives Belgian clean-energy companies opportunities to participate in India’s rapidly expanding renewable energy market, making the MoU an important step in strengthening cooperation between the two countries.
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